Leachate is the fluid percolating through the landfills and is generated from liquids present in the waste and from outside water, including rainwater, percolating though the waste.
Leachate storage tanks operate as intermediate tanks or tight tanks. Intermediate tanks briefly hold leachate until it is released for treatment at an on-site facility. Tight tanks hold leachate until it is pumped out and removed to either an off-site treatment facility or disposed of in an approved manner.
Leachate tanks are usually large aboveground or underground tanks installed at landfills and waste collection sites to collect the rainwater runoff for treatment. These tanks prevent contaminated water from seeping into the ground water prior to treatment.
Most landfills allow the disposal of organic materials that produce methane when they degrade. The methane released into the air has the risk of explosion, and the methane dissolved in the leachate needs to be stripped. Other leachate applications include large manufacturers and mining operations such as coal and metal ore. Many rock mining processes produce wastes containing sulfides. When sulfide comes into contact with air, it produces highly toxic sulfuric acid. Older landfills, mining sites in developing countries, and improper waste disposal are the highest environmental risks. The leachate is directly discharged into rivers or lakes instead of being stored in leachate tanks, which has a serious negative impact on water resources. High concentrations of toxic metals and organic toxins may destroy aquatic life and poison drinking water.
The leachate tank operates as an intermediate tank or a closed tank. The intermediate tank temporarily stores the leachate until it is released to the on-site facility for processing. The airtight water tank can hold the leachate until it is pumped out and moved to an off-site treatment facility or disposed of in an approved manner.
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